Hurricane Katrina Free Essays

September second and third, 2005 saw a spate of articles and remarks in the press everywhere throughout the world about the impacts and repercussions of Hurricane Katrina. An investigation of chose paper articles and remarks from various pieces of the world uncover intriguing inclines and predispositions. The Guardian, a liberal paper from London, utilizes the chance to assault US approaches. We will compose a custom article test on Typhoon Katrina or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Both local and universal arrangements are scrutinized in the article which anyway endeavors to clear President Bush of any immediate obligation regarding the results of the catastrophe. The author’s inclination in regard of the Iraq war comes through when the war is accused for the ineffectual treatment of the calamity. The articulation â€Å"anarchic south† utilized in relationship with Louisiana nearly appears to contrast Louisiana and Baghdad after its fall. (What Was Revealed). In any case, it takes a philosophical stand and discusses the past, mirroring the preservationist moorings of the paper. However, the utilization of the word â€Å"uninsured† regarding destitution looks rather confused, appearing to suggest that being guaranteed would be a reason for the neediness that was uncovered. (Loss of an American Dream). Anyway focuses on that more than the loss of property, American pioneers and the organization have lost validity and individuals have lost confidence in them. With Australia frequently blamed for racial separation and partiality, the paper thinks that its an advantageous second to call attention to that troublesome racial biases and destitution are issues in America as well, regardless of its riches. It nearly appears that the article was simply trusting that an event will hit back similarly. The Israeli battle ready fixations come through straightforwardly in the article by Sever Plocker in the â€Å"Yediot Aharonot.† (Plocker, Sever). Practically all occasions have political ramifications in Israel and that is the thing that most likely prompts Plocker to worry upon the political consequences of Hurricane Katrina. He even ventures to such an extreme as to foresee a stinging destruction for the Republicans in the up and coming Congressional decisions. The â€Å"Toronto Star† is quite certain about allocating fault and doesn't appear to save anybody. Authorities, President Bush, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Guard, and the Army Corps of Engineers have all been accused for making the debacle so decimating. (Troubling Lesson). The predisposition against anything official comes through, even as the article seems to disregard each other part of the catastrophe. The Edmonton Journal anyway seems to take a reasonable view, depicting the real subtleties of the fiasco and focuses at the sociological awkward nature that won in the city of Louisiana. (A Society in Collapse. Edmonton). Such a view likely mirrors the notoriety of Edmonton as the social capital of Canada. The New Zealand Herald calls for compassion, however weights on the monetary results of the fiasco for the remainder of the world, and reminds the peruser that nature is almighty. New Zealand has a solid rural economy and is exceptionally delicate to significant job of nature in every single such movement, which presumably prompts the article to interface the debacle with a poor energy about the powers of nature. Pravda, distributed from Moscow, is offensively reproachful of President Bush and is unmistakably one-sided against him and his organization. The language utilized skirts on the crazy, and reminds the peruser about the verbal denunciations that were so much a piece of the Cold War. The analysis is bound to be implied at everything American and not explicitly the current organization or President. Along these lines the perspectives and remarks reflect tilt and equalizations of some sort and not very many impartial ones. America’s household and international strategies are accused, and the organization and establishments accused of adapting to such calamities are blamed for ineffectualness in many remarks. Work Cited A Brutal Reminder. London. The Guardian. (2005, September 3). Aaronovitch, David. (2005, September 3). What Was Revealed. The Times. London. Loss of an American Dream. (2005, September 3). The Age. Melbourne. Plocker, Sever. (2005, September 3). Political Ramifications: TEL AVIV. Yediot Aharonot. Terrible Lesson. Toronto. Toronto Star. (2005, September 3). Edmonton Journal. A Society in Collapse. Edmonton. (2005, September 3). The New Zealand Herald. A Gesture of Sympathy. Auckland. (2005, September 3). Hinchey, Bancroft. Timothy. (2005, September 2). View Points. Tropical storm Katrina. Remark and examination from London, Melbourne, Tel Aviv, Toronto, Edmonton, Auckland and Moscow. Recovered March 13, 2007, from http://www.worldpress.org/Americas/2142.cfm Step by step instructions to refer to Hurricane Katrina, Essay models

Interview Experience

Questions: Part I Select a patient, a relative, or a companion to meet. Make certain to concentrate on the interviewee's understanding as a patient, paying little mind to whom you decide to meet. Audit The Joint Commission asset which gives a few rules to making profound appraisal devices for assessing the otherworldly needs of patients. Utilizing this asset and some other rules/models that you can discover, make your own instrument for surveying the otherworldly needs of patients. Make an overview to survey the subject's otherworldly need during the meeting. The profound needs appraisal review needs at least five inquiries that can be replied during the meeting. During the meeting, report the interviewee's reactions. Present the transcript of the meeting. The transcript ought to incorporate the inquiries posed and the appropriate responses gave. Be certain record the reactions during the meeting by taking point by point notes. Exclude explicit names and other individual data from the meeting. Part II: Write an investigation of your meeting experience. Make certain to prohibit explicit names and other individual data from the meeting. Rather give socioeconomics, for example, sex, age, ethnicity, and religion. Remember the accompanying for your reaction: Answers: Part I Otherworldly evaluation for the medicinal services need is one of the significant issues, which encourages experts to distinguish the trademark quality and conduct inside the extent of social and ethnical perspectives (Musick, 2000). In this specific situation, the individual talked with has a place with Hindu religion and have India as the origin. The individual is settled in United States recent years with two children, the two guardians, and spouse. The result of the meeting has been reworded for the simplicity of surrounding this current paper. What is the extent of sex equity as per your religion Truly, male and female are viewed as equivalent in all angles. My child uses to telecommute in a product firm, while my little girl is a student at national music foundation. Along these lines, both male and female are viewed as equivalent in each chance. Is training esteemed to be significant in family Truly, training is believed to be significant in our family, as it helps in picking up information and mindfulness with respect to each occurrence of the world. What are the food propensities that impacted by your religion We use to eat what is accessible in the territory. As such there are no requirements in regards to food in our family. Relationship of otherworldly discernment with sexual life and multiplication There is no hard information or requirements with otherworldly recognition and generation. Proportions of family control and related apparatuses (condom and preventative) are passable. Is smoking and drinking liquor permitted in family No, we don't permit both of these inside the home condition. The equivalent is worthy inferable from companion circle or noteworthy event. Part II In view of the meeting, it is expected that the individual and concerned relatives are taught and have a place with upper financial class of society. Instruction is the centralized computer in family, which likewise mirrors that the individual know about the prerequisite and necessities for keeping up a sound life. Since the family settled in United States since most recent 20 years, therefore there is little effect of their birthplace (Ai, 2013). Likewise, it was acknowledged from the meeting that the family is similarly tolerating the mediation and prescription accessible as for option and reciprocal wellbeing science. These incorporate Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, and Ayurveda (Islam, 2000). There are no or least unfortunate propensities identified with liquor utilization or smoking propensities in the family. It demonstrates that they are at insignificant danger of sick wellbeing condition raised by these components. The significant recognition acquired is regarding training and equity to the sexual orientation section gave by their strict comprehension. In addition, they are additionally cognizant in regards to their wellbeing which is acknowledged with the appropriation of routine clean conduct (Torsch Ma, 2000). The family is additionally seen as adaptable with respect to food propensities, which in no methods is influenced dependent on their otherworldly accept. Note that the wellbeing danger and example related to one family isn't decisive for all the individuals having a place with this strict class. Henceforth, so as to investigate the specific effect of this profound observation over their wellbeing design, it is imperative to think about bigger populace into co mparable evaluation. References: Man-made intelligence, A. L., Huang, B., Bjorck, J., Appel, H. B. (2013). Strict participation and significant wretchedness among Asian Americans from a national database: The intervention of social help. Brain research of Religion and Spirituality, 5(2), 78. Islam, M. N. (2012). Repackaging Ayurveda in Post-Colonial India: Revival or Dilution?. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 35(3), 503-519. Musick, M. A., Traphagan, J. W., Koeing, H. G., Larson, D. B. (2000). Otherworldliness in physical wellbeing and maturing. Diary of Adult Development, 7(2), 73-86. Torsch, V. L., Ma, G. X. (2000). Culturally diverse correlation of wellbeing recognitions, concerns, and adapting methodologies among Asian and Pacific Islander American seniors. Subjective Health Research, 10(4), 471-489.

5 Easy Steps To Speed Up Your Website

5 Easy Steps To Speed Up Your Website Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Easy Steps To Speed Up Your WebsiteUpdated On 17/04/2017Author : JasmineTopic : BloggingShort URL : http://hbb.me/2oz9gjv CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogSo you finally did it after months of SEO dedication, questing for the ultimate web hosting provider and learning how to decorate your website in a presentable fashion, you finally have a decent presence on the Internet. After that much hard work, it is only human for you to sit back and relax as you watch traffic flow into the web pages that you have so lovingly tended to.The truth is that your web ranking could be enough to sustain your site for awhile. But then again, if you are reading this right now, it is highly likely that you are looking for another way of increasing the number of visits to your website. Even Google Search Rankings Considers Site Speed.If youre looking for a healthy ranking spot on Google , you really should read on as they have recently decided that they would alter their ranking algorithm to take into account the loading speed of published websites.The good news is that you dont have to go all kamikaze on your website by annihilating all graphics and scripts from its pages. Though there are several ways to better your blogs loading speed, here are 5 simple and easy steps you can implement to increase the loading rate of your website without deleting any of your precious content.#1 Resize Your ImagesFirst of all, we get it that digital cameras can take really great shots of everything and that the point of Photoshop is to make awesome pictures look breathtaking in high resolution. Second of all, we also understand that it is much easier to get WordPress to do the dirty work for us by auto-shrinking an image so that it fits in the frame of the webpage. What you do not realize though is that having WordPress auto-resize your pictures will take up one to two minutes o f your page loading time. The solution is simply to resize your images before you add them to your webpage. You dont even have to buy a software specifically to resize your images either as you can easily find those online for free. Meanwhile, you can also host your images in subdomain.You Can Also Check : 20+ Tools To Optimize Images For Search Engines15+ Tips To Optimize Images For Search Engines#2 Scripts Belong at the BottomWhen a browser is loading the script embedded in your page, it doesnt do anything else besides processing your script. This is why some pages turn up blank for a while as the scripts are first being processed before the rest of the page loads. To counter this, simply shift your scripts to the footer of your page. Again, you dont have to pull out money for this feat as plugins such as the JavaScript to Footer can be found for free on the Internet.READ7 Great Tips For Writing A Killer Blog Article#3 Limit PluginsSpeaking of plugins, there are literally thousa nds of plugins available for free on the Internet, each seemingly capable of adding entertainment and functionality to your webpage. From statistics to widgets, the most important thing is to not liberally add plugins to your web pages.The more plugins you have, the more calls are required, meaning that it takes more time for your pages to load. Tips, reduce unneeded and unnecessary plugins to speed up your website. So it is better to use recommended plugins alone.#4 Host on a CDN (Content Delivery Network)Pages load slow if your website is kept in a server half way across the globe from wherever your visitor is currently located at. To counter this problem, bloggers can choose to store their websites on servers strategically placed around the globe.This way, a visitor will gain faster access by loading the pages from the server that is closest to him or her. You will have to shell out some money for this service, but a decent CDN provider such as the Amazon S3 is actually pretty a ffordable. You can also use Dropbox as CDN.#5 Optimize with YSlow and FirebugYSlow is a Firefox add-on that analyzes web pages and assists you by suggesting ways in which you can improve the performance of the analyzed page. Similarly, Firebug is also a Firefox add-on that enables users to edit, debug and monitor scripts displayed in the Firefox browser. Use these two great tools to analyze your web pages and optimize them accordingly.At the End of the DayThe reason why people yearn for websites that load fast is the same reason why people want fast food and generic pop songs. It is intuitive and is simply compulsory to have a page that loads fast from a commercial point of view. Think about it, would you spend more than a few seconds waiting for a page to load? What is the point of getting visitors to your site if they dont have the time to read your content, right?The bottom-line is that regardless of whether youre just looking to improve or maintain the traffic flow to your web site, you need to constantly tweak your page so that it loads at its fastest. Luckily, these five steps to shortening the load up time of your website is not only easily implemented, but is also mostly free of charge.

Contribution of Psychology and Social Psychology to the...

Contribution of Psychology and Social Psychology to the Study of Health and Welfare Issues In this assignment I will be comparing and contrasting two psychological approaches demonstrating their relevance to understanding a health issue. The issue that I will be applying the two psychological approaches to is Smoking. The psycho dynamic approach denotes the active forces within the personality that motivate behaviour, and the inner causes of behaviour, in particular the unconscious conflict between the different structures that compose the whole personality. There are a lot of factors that contribute to why people behave in a certain way and why people†¦show more content†¦These conflicts are accompanied by anxiety and result from interactions between the different personality structures named the ego, the id and the super ego. The id is concerned with the gratification of basic biological instincts and the pleasure principle, the ego is manifested as consciousness and the reality principle. The super ego constituted moral conscience and idealistic striving. The development of an individuals personality structures arises as a result of a maturational process from birth to adulthood. A lot of people do not realise what smoking is actually doing to their health and most smokers are living in denial which is a defence mechanism people use to block out the unpleasant reality of smoking which exists. The smoker does know that smoking cigarettes causes cancer and if the smoker doesn’t stop they could die of cancer or another disease associated with smoking such as heart disease. For example the symptoms of lung cancer are the coughing up of blood, shortness of breath, dry cough with phlegm, weight loss and a dull continuous pain in the chest and shoulders. If a smoker has theses symptoms and are a heavy smoker he or she may delay in seeking medical advice because they are afraid of the diagnosis. The learning approach is associated with the behaviorist perspectiveShow MoreRelatedChild Poverty And Its Effects On Children1123 Words   |  5 PagesChild Poverty in Canada Grace Abbott once said, â€Å"Child labor and poverty are inevitably bound together and if you continue to use the labor of children as the treatment for the social disease of poverty, you will have both poverty and child labor to the end of time.† Child poverty is one of the biggest issues facing Canadian children today. Child poverty can significantly shorten a child’s life. One of the major reasons child poverty in Canada is so high is because of low wages. These children haveRead MoreEssay on Why Sociology Is Important to Nursing986 Words   |  4 Pages1) Introduction As an introduction, generally, sociology is mainly the study of society, communities and people whereas nursing is a profession which focused on assisting individuals, families, and communities in attaining, maintaining and recovering optimal health and functioning. In this assignment, I will describe the definition of Sociology, the definition of nursing and explain why sociology is very important and is relevant to nursing practice. I hope this assignment will show the relevanceRead MorePsychological Approaches : Behaviorism, Cognitive And Humanistic Approach1659 Words   |  7 Pagespsychological approaches will be discussed in this essay, it will analyse the strengths and limitations of each the humanistic, cognitive and the humanistic approach. This essay will consider the contributions made to therapies in the modern life; evaluate how valid the methodology is using case studies to back up these theories and how they contribute to each other to becoming an approach. The behaviourist psychologists emphasise the role of the environment and how this can affect the behaviourRead MoreThe Mentally Ill O FF Ender Treatment And Crime Reduction Act Of 2004 : Problems And Prospects1321 Words   |  6 Pagesand closures of state mental hospitals that occurred in the late 1950’s and 1960’s. These changes resulted in the SMI persons’ lack of access and scarcity of community mental health treatment, housing issues and homelessness, social welfare policies, stringent inpatient and drug laws, substance abuse, and poverty. These social factors contributed to increases in SMI, into the criminal justice system. Furthermore, stricter inpatient commitment laws made it exceedingly more diï ¬Æ'cult to diagnose and treatRead MoreThe Socio Economic Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy1517 Words   |  7 Pageschoice, for example, tasks of teenage parenting have long-term impact on the mental health of the mother and children (Statistics New Zealand, 200 3). It is important to identify the socio economic factors of teenage pregnancy to lower the chances of mental health problems in young mothers. In this paper the aim is to analyse the main socio economic factors of teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand. This essay will commence by identifyingRead MoreNursing Practice in a Given Scenario1787 Words   |  7 Pageshospital stay could leave them even more disabled than they were before. Unfortunately, theres new reason to believe this fear is justified. Elderly patients who are hospitalized are at much higher risk of cognitive problems afterward, according to a study published on Wednesday in the journal Neurology. Joan would have to witness a number of stressful psychological factors. For one he would be unfamiliar with his new surroundings. He had lived with his daughter in law and son for quite some time andRead MoreThe Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy1558 Words   |  7 Pageschoice, for example, tasks of teenage parenting have long-term impact on the mental health of the mother and children (Statistics New Zealand, 2003). It is important to identify the socioeconomic factors of teenage pregnancy to lower the chances of mental health problems in young mothers. In this paper the aim is to analyse the main socioeconomic factors of teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand. This essay will commence by identifying howRead MoreWhat Is Statistic Ethical Practice?975 Words   |  4 Pagesin tune and keep up with any new updates that deals with the research process. It is imperative that the researcher has a concise knowledge base in theory, data, and the research method that is used in statistical studies. The researcher need to acknowledge and respect the contributions made by others by listing them in the reference section of their paper and in text citation. The research should have expert source available or it should be a peer review. They need to realize that they are heldRead MoreWhat I Have Learned About Research1270 Words   |  6 Pagescognition, social behavior, personality development, learning, and neuropsychology. Basic research will be more helpful for answering fundamental questions about the nature of behavior. Applied research however, addresses more of a specific problem with a possible solution. Program evaluation covers a large area of applied research. Program evaluation assesses the social reforms and innovations that occur in government, education, the criminal justice system, industry, health care, and mental health institutionsRead MoreThe Apa Code Of Ethics1550 Words   |  7 Pagesno harm. As professionals, psychologists seek to protect the welfare and rights of those who they interact with professionally and other affected people, and the welfare of animal subjects of research. When conflicts arise, psychologists’ attempt to resolve them in a responsible manner that avoids or mini mizes harm. Because psychologists’ judgments and actions may affect others, they are alert and guard against personal, financial, social, organizational, or political factors that might lead to misuse

The Miss Leadings Of William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet

The miss leadings of Romeo and Juliet Evelyn McHale is peacefully sleeping. Her ankles are crossed; lines follow down to her shoeless feet. Her gloved hand pulls ever so slightly on her pearl necklace, the other lying limp beside her craned head. Her face is relaxed, red lips parted and white eye lids closed. The stunning Evelyn McHale is seemingly sleeping on the hood of a car. The hood of the Black Cadillac contorts to Miss McHale’s body. The medal crushed under her, following the curvature of her slim figure. Shattered Glass seems to be near her face but does not dare damage her beauty. Four minutes after Evelyn McHale’s suicide, Rover C. Wile snapped a picture of Evelyn; this picture was titled â€Å"The Most Beautiful Suicide†. Evelyn McHale was immortalized by the beauty in her death and the tragedy in her story. (â€Å"Picture of the Week†) Evelyn McHale jumped from the Empire state building on May first 1947. She was the eleventh person to jump from the Empire state building since it had opened on May first 1931. She left a suicide note saying she didn’t want to be remembered. She wanted to be cremated and forgotten. She said her fiancà © deserved someone better and she’d never make a good mother. She was planned to be married in June of 1947. The last person she was with was her fiancà ©, he had no idea that she was anything but happy. When she landed on the car, the sound was reported to be as loud as an explosion. (â€Å"Picture of the Week†) I think use to think about deathShow MoreRelatedEssay on Comparing Romeo and Juliet Films1328 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Romeo and Juliet Films In this essay I intend to compare both the part scenes of Franco Zefferelli and Baz Lurhman movie. Franco’s film was screened in 1970; the actors who play the role of RomeoJuliet are Leonardo Whiting and Olivia Hussey. Baz’s film was screened in 1997. Leonardo Di Caprio played the role of Romeo and Clare Danes had played the role of Juliet. In this essay I will discuss the differences in both these film that tell the sameRead MoreCrm in Supermarkets30832 Words   |  124 PagesEB 2003-02 February 2003 FOOD INDUSTRY MANAGEMENT CORNELL U N I V E R S I T Y Customer Relationship Marketing (CRM) in the U.S. Supermarket Industry: Current Status and Prospects Gerard F. Hawkes Senior Extension Associate Food Industry Management Program Department of Applied Economics and Management College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-7801 Teaching †¢ Research †¢ Executive Education IT IS THE POLICY OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY actively to support

Personal Experience The Avenue Le Club - 1266 Words

Personal Experience: As soon as I finished my freshman year of college, I was eager to get a summer job, learn a few new skills, and earn money. I accepted a job at a modern Parisian brasserie, known as, Avenue Le Club. Although I had applied to be a server, the manager who hired me explained that I would start as a back server, which assisted the servers and took care of the side work in the kitchen, because there would be so much to learn in such a high intensity environment and eventually I could work my way up to a server. Either way, I was extremely zealous to begin and felt lucky to have this opportunity, for it is such a pristine, high-end, beautifully designed restaurant. The Avenue is run by a foreign general manager from France and assisted by a sommelier from Brazil; both very unapproachable people. The beauty and perfection on the outside of this place veiled the hatred, the constant belittling, and the intensity within the staff and management. My first three days of training went well, des pite the enormous amount of information I had to absorb. Everything was done a specific way, in a specific order, where if you messed up slightly management threatened to send you home. I have never had the opportunity to be in such a severe, demanding work atmosphere before and it was only day three. My anxiety was had reached it’s peak, but with words of encouragement from my coworkers, I was convinced it would all be worth it when I could become a server. When I wasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Les Mills New Zealand1418 Words   |  6 PagesMGMT 101 – LES MILLS Les Mills New Zealand (Les Mills) was started in 1968, they have pioneered many aspects of the modern fitness industry and are at the forefront worldwide. This report will discuss relevant management techniques and theories that relate to Les Mills current situation. ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR McGREGOR’S X AND Y THEORY McGregors X and Y theory are his model that he used to urge managers to move away from the set of assumptions he called Theory X (people dislike work, lack ambitionRead More The Chrysler Building Essay2994 Words   |  12 Pageswith the development of a water pumps that were made of steel and reinforced with concrete. Skyscrapers first appeared in New York and Chicago. The Home Insurance Building, the first skyscraper ever erected, was a 10 story structure built by William Le Baron Jenney in Chicago. Although these problems were corrected and the idea of building a skyscraper became a feasible task, there were many conditions that had to be taken into account, that did not need consideration when buildingRead MoreThe Modern Port Of Miami Essay1831 Words   |  8 Pagesthey reached our first stop in Port Antonio.† The civic-minded Hiller responded by designing the â€Å"New Experiences† program to build cultural understanding between the passengers and the Jamaicans and it resonated with Kloster’s humanitarian spirit. While the program did not last, it was one a forerunner of ecotourism and forty years later Kloster still highlights it as a demonstration of his personal philosophy. NCL, however, was also facing its own internal problems as the relationship between KlosterRead MoreMarketing Report on Nespresso8643 Words   |  35 PagesIntroduction Nestlà © is a global company who recognizes that to be a successful company you have to be competitive and cost efficient. They put their customers first, and wish to create long lasting relationships with them, creating a luxurious exclusive experience to their coffee customers through their sub-brand Nespresso. Having positioned themselves as a luxury good, the Nespresso brand faces several weak points in their positioning during the current recession. Communication and marketing are thereforeRead MoreEvolution Of The Cruise Industry Essay2010 Words   |  9 Pagesexpect when they reached our first stop in Port Antonio.† The civic-minded Hiller designing the â€Å"New Experiences† program to build cultural understanding between the passengers and the Jamaicans and it resonated with Kloster’s humanitarian spirit. While the program did not last, it was one a forerunner of ecotourism and even forty years later Kloster still highlights it as a demonstration of his personal philosophy. 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His main responsibility is consolidating Kempinski’s expansion and ensuring the group delivers on its brand promise through operational excellence, through his own extensive international experience. Over two decades before beginning his career at KempinskiRead More Euro Disney Essay6225 Words   |  25 Pages1984, the stock price went from $84.375 per share to $48.75.7 As the company fell from riches-to-rags, Roy Disney, Jr., was forced to watch the Disney Empire built by his uncle, Walt Disney, and his father, Roy Disney, Sr., crumble. He also saw his personal holdings in the company drop from $96 million to $54 million. Roy had always held a firm belief that 6 Myron Magnet. â€Å"The Mouse at Disney,† Fortune (December 10, 1984), pp. 57-64. 7 Ibid. A15-99-0007 3 the various divisions of the company were synergisticRead MoreMarketing Report for LOreal6541 Words   |  27 Pagesuser as different from and of higher perceived value that its competitors (Johnson Scholes, 2002). 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Saturday Nights free essay sample

It is almost midnight. My feet are sore, my hands are calloused, my head is pounding and the smell of The Red Parrot food and cigarette smoke is seeping from my body. I have just worked for 12 hours and feel 100 years old, but it is worth it. At nine years old I started working with my older sister at a laundromat. I folded every piece of laundry with a smile. It may be odd for a nine-year-old to choose to work rather than go to a friend’s house, but I was only thinking of what I was working for. Now I could finally afford Friday night dances, field trips and other things most parents normally pay for. When I could legally work, I got a job bussing tables at The Red Parrot, an enormous restaurant located on the Atlantic coast. I bussed tables with the same attitude I had at the laundromat, but by 14, my ideals morphed. We will write a custom essay sample on Saturday Nights or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"You should start saving for college, if you want to go,† one of my seven sisters wisely explained. It was a turning point no longer would I save for petty things, but instead, for my future. That first summer’s earnings are now part of my college savings. That summer I was faced with everything from needing to fend for myself to having to help support my family, but from it all, my job proved the largest stepping stone. It led to my maturity and with it came financial independence and the responsibility of others’ dependence. Well, it is midnight, just a regular Saturday night, and since that summer I have matured. I have learned how to manage school and work, but to me they are one and the same. I work for what I want, whether an income or an education. My hard work has paid off. At school it has made it possible for me to graduate a year early, and at the Red Parrot I have been promoted from hostess to head hostess, and now waitress and head hostess. Work has become part of a rope that holds my life together. This rope is tied so tightly that I do not have time for much else. I cannot pursue other activities, study for that extra A+ or go out on Saturday nights. Yet, I can buy groceries, help my mother with bills and buy my car. To be frank, working for what I need far outweighs working for what I want. Working has become one of the most important parts of my life, and I love it. If I need anything, I work for it. Since my parents cannot buy me clothes, give me lunch money or pay for my college education, I will.

Mclibel Case Study Essays - Public Relations, Communication

Mclibel Case Study As organizations seeks ways to increase profits by filtering into international markets, many turn to the field of public relations as a way of reaching cross-cultural markets. Factors such as values, cultural differences, language barriers, beliefs, etcin order to successfully promote an organizations products and services. Public relations practitioners have the responsibility to be the mediator between the organizations and public(s). According to Murphy and Dee (1992), Public relations makes organizations more effective by building relationships with stakeholders in the environment that have the potential to constrain or enhance the mission of the organization. This role also involves disseminating and seeking information to the public. This information/feedback provides the public relations practitioners and the organizations with insight as how the publics perceive the organization. When the organizations forget/ignore the importance of public relations practitioners role in the organizational structure, this may often result in dissatisfactions among the organizations publics and often react in a way that may harm to the organization. This conflict is characterized as activism, which when not dealt correctly, can end in harsh consequences such as tarnished reputation or decrease in profits. 1. McDonalds perspective in identifying their key publics in the Mclibel case. Its very important to correctly identify and characterize the relevant key publics. Dewy(1982) first propounded a public is a group whose members face a similar problem, recognize that problem exists, and organizes something to do about it. Grunig and Hunt(1984) assert that there are three stages in the evolutions of publics. In the first stage, the public does not recognize the problem. In latent stages, the public moves to the aware stage when it recognizes the problem. The final stage is the active stage recognizes the problem and organizes something to do about it. According to J.E. Grunig and Hunt (1984) the idea is to communicate with an aware public before it actively opposes an organization, thus becoming an activist public. London Greenpeace is an activist group with 3.3 million members in over 22 countries that use highly visible actions to draw media attention to environmental problems. The London Greenpeace group, a division of Greenpeace, is an independent group of activists that has no involvement in any political party. This group meets weekly to share concern for the oppression in our lives and the destruction of our environment. Anderson (1992) cited that weaknesses in most case studies of activism is that similar case studies should be conducted that examine activism from the perspective of both the organizations and of the activists groups, which is applicable to this study of the McLibel case. In my research, I came across must more literature and disseminated information from the small activist group of London Greenpeace versus the large multi-national corporation of McDonald's. This study also points to the need of more studies that examine the special problems of international communicatio n. The actions of a McDonald's triggered activist conflict not only in London, but in other different countries as well. If public relations practitioners are to assess issues successfully and identify publics that are likely to become active on those issues, they must look beyond the confines of their own culture and beyond the borders of their own country, Anderson (1992). Greenpeace, being an extreme organization, has to manage or maintain its public image as a group that will not compromise on environmental issues, Murphy and Dee (1992). The organization fits Grunig's (1989) description of a high involvement, information seeking public which believe in collective intervention in organizational decision making. This public seeks to change the direction of environmental decline versus a substitution for lost resources. Strategies of conflict used by Greenpeace, extreme actions, unilateral demands and its intolerance for compromisation. This model emphasizes winning at the expense of the other in which both Greenpeace and McDonald's exemplified through its actions. This method includes communication through manipulation of the issues to slant arguments in its own favor, the use of flamboyant symbols to depict choices in absolute terms, and the refusal to cede any points as pointed by Murphy and Dee (1992). Greenpeace used flamboyant symbols in celebrating the second anniversary of the trial by inviting the media and the public to celebrate by eating a cake in the shape of

Palenque Aqueduct Systems - Ancient Maya Water Control

Palenque Aqueduct Systems - Ancient Maya Water Control Palenque is a famous Classic Maya archaeological site located in the lush tropical forest at the foothills of the Chiapas highlands of Mexico. It is perhaps best known for the lovely architecture of its royal palace and temples, as well as for being the site of the tomb of Palenques most important ruler, king Pakal the Great (ruled A.D. 615-683), discovered in 1952 by the Mexican archaeologist Alberto Ruz Luhillier. A casual visitor at Palenque today always notices the rushing mountain stream nearby, but that is just a hint that Palenque has one of the best preserved and sophisticated systems of underground water control in the Maya region. Palenque Aqueducts Palenque is located on a narrow limestone shelf about 150 meters (500 feet) above the plains of Tabasco. The high escarpment was an excellent defensive position, important in Classic times when warfare was increasingly frequent; but it also a place with many natural springs. Nine separate watercourses arising from 56 recorded mountain springs bring water into the city. Palenque is called the land where the waters flow out of the mountains in the Popol Vuh, and the presence of constant water even in times of drought was very attractive to its residents. However, with so many streams within a limited shelf area, there isnt a lot of space to put houses and temples. And, according to the archaeologist A.P. Maudsley who worked at Palenque between 1889-1902 when the aqueducts had long since stopped functioning, the water level rose and flooded the plaza and residential areas even in the dry season. So, during the Classic period, the Maya responded to the conditions by constructing a unique water control system, channeling the water beneath plazas, thereby reducing floods and erosion, and increasing living space all at the same time. Palenques Water Control The water control system at Palenque includes aqueducts, bridges, dams, drains, walled channels, and pools; much of it recently discovered as a result of three years of intensive archaeological survey called the Palenque Mapping Project, led by American archaeologist Edwin Barnhart. Although water control was a characteristic of most Maya sites, Palenques system is unique: other Maya sites worked to keep water stored during the dry season; Palenque worked to harness the water by constructing elaborate subterranean aqueducts that guided the stream beneath the plaza floors. The Palace Aqueduct Todays visitor entering the archaeological area of Palenque from its north side is guided on a path that leads her from the main entrance to the central plaza, the heart of this Classic Maya site. The main aqueduct built by the Maya to channel the water of the Otulum River runs through this plaza and a length of it has been exposed, a result of the collapse of its vault. A visitor walking down from the Cross Group, on the hilly southeastern side of the plaza, and toward the Palace, will have the opportunity to admire the stonework of the aqueducts walled channel and, especially during the rainy season, to experience the roaring sound of the river flowing under her feet. Variances in building materials made researchers count at least four construction phases, with the earliest one probably contemporaneous to the construction of the Pakals Royal Palace. A Fountain at Palenque? Archaeologist Kirk French and colleagues (2010) have recorded evidence that the Maya not only knew about water control, they knew all about creating and controlling water pressure, the first evidence of prehispanic knowledge of this science. The spring-fed Piedras Bolas aqueduct has a subterranean channel of about 66 m (216 ft) in length. For most of that length, the channel measures 1.2x.8 m (4x2.6 ft) in cross-section, and it follows a topographic slope of about 5:100. Where the Piedras Bolas meets the plateau, there is an abrupt decrease in channel size to a much smaller section (20x20 cm or 7.8x7.8 in) and that pinched-in section runs for about 2 m (6.5 ft) before it reemerges in an adjacent channel. Assuming the channel was plastered when it was in use, even relatively small discharges could maintain a quite significant hydraulic head of nearly 6 m (3.25 ft). French and colleagues suggest that manufactured increase in water pressure may have had a number of different purposes, including maintaining a water supply during drought, but it is possible that there may well have been a fountain springing upward and outward in a display in Pakals city. Water Symbolism at Palenque The Otulum  River that runs from the hills south of the plaza was not only carefully managed by the ancient inhabitants of Palenque, but it was also part of the sacred symbolism used by the city rulers. The spring of the Otulum is in fact next to a temple whose inscriptions talk about rituals associated with this water source. The ancient Maya name of Palenque, known from many inscriptions, is Lakam-h which means great water. It is not a coincidence, then, that so much effort was put by its rulers in connecting their power to the sacred value of this natural resource. Before leaving the plaza and continuing toward the eastern portion of the site, the attention of the visitors is attracted to another element that symbolizes the ritual importance of the river. A huge carved stone with the image of an alligator is posed on the eastern side at the end of the aqueducts walled channel. Researchers link this symbol to the Maya belief that caimans, along with other amphibian creatures, were guardians of the continuous flow of water. At high water, this caiman sculpture would have appeared to have floated on the top of the water, an effect that still is seen today when the water is high. Fending Off Droughts Although American archaeologist Lisa Lucero has argued that a widespread drought may have caused great disruption at many Maya sites at the end of the 800s, French and colleagues think that when the drought came to Palenque, the below-ground aqueducts could have stored adequate amounts of water to keep the city sufficiently watered even during the severest droughts. After being channeled and running under the surface of the plaza, the water of the Otulum flows down the slope of the hill, forming cascades and beautiful water pools. One of the most famous of these spots is called The Queen Bath (Baà ±o de la Reina, in Spanish). Importance The Otulum aqueduct is not the only aqueduct in Palenque. At least other two sectors of the site have aqueducts and constructions related to water management. These are areas not open to the public and located almost 1 km away from the sites core. The history of the construction of the Otulums aqueduct in the main plaza of Palenque offers us a window into the functional and symbolic meaning of space for the ancient Maya. It also represents one of the most evocative places of this famous archaeological site. Sources Edited and updated by K. Kris Hirst French KD. 2007. Creating space through water management at the Classic Maya site of Palenque, Chiapas. In: Marken DB, editor. Palenque: Recent Investigations at the Classic Maya Center. Lanham, Massachusetts: Altamira Press. p 123-132.French KD, and Duffy CJ. 2010. Prehispanic water pressure: A New World first. Journal of Archaeological Science 37(5):1027-1032.French KD, Duffy CJ, and Bhatt G. 2012. The hydroarchaeological method: a case study at the Maya site of Palenque. Latin American Antiquity 23(1):29-50.French KD, Duffy CJ, and Bhatt G. 2013. The urban hydrology and hydraulic engineering at the Classic Maya site of Palenque. Water History 5(1):43-69.Lucero LJ. 2002. The collapse of the Classic Maya: A case for the role of water control. American Anthropologist 104(3):814-826.Lucero LJ, and Fash BW. 2006. Precolumbian Water Management. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Two Descriptions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Two Descriptions - Essay Example With tears of grief in my eyes, I looked helplessly at the pale moon. Imagining my father’s face in the moon, to me the thin strands of black clouds across it appeared as black hair combed back across the top of my father’s head. The sky was crying with me, I stared at her as she turned her beautifully sculptured face towards the sky once again as if remembering that dear one once again and gave out a cry of grief. My heart cried with her and the dark night cried with us too. The roar of the thunder made me cry even more and as I watched her disappear along the street, I once again became aware of my loneliness. The night seemed to engulf me into its eerie darkness and helplessly I eyed the rain drops sliding down my window pane as tears rolled down my face. From the kitchen window, one night I saw a beautiful woman playfully jerking back her rain sleeked coat with such joy that people crossing the road turned around to laugh with her. Rain drops drizzled off the brim of her beautiful hat. Tonight the rain was exceptionally serene and I wanted to dance to the rhythm of the falling raindrops. I gazed out at the happy woman as she lifted her face up to the sky and smiled at the moon. I followed her gaze and stared at the faint moon peeking from the dark wisps of clouds. I imagined my father’s smiling face in the moon, to me the thin strands of black clouds across it appeared as black hair combed back across the top of my father’s head. The sky seemed to shed tears of happiness as I laughed out loud remembering my father’s little pranks. The woman danced gingerly on the damp street and turned her gaze once again to the smiling moon. Rain drops kissed her face as she closed her eyes and lifted her face up to the sky. The rain droplets seemed to tinkle her face because she gave out a cry of joy and pleasure. I laughed with her as the sky brightened with lightening and the thunder

Attachment Style Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Attachment Style - Research Paper Example Further, the Close Relationships Questionnaire, as I see it, is quantitative than qualitative. It attempts to measure the emotion or feeling of a person towards his/her beloved/lover. My attachment style has been calculated: 4.38 for anxiety and 4.50 for avoidance. With this data, it seems that I am pessimistic to my relationship; that is not sophisticated. I know myself more than what the Close Relationships Questionnaire tells me. I cannot agree to the â€Å"findings† set by such questionnaire. It says that I am fearful-avoidant in relation to my attachment style. The questionnaire explains that â€Å"[t]hey [e.g., myself] tend to avoid becoming emotionally attached to others, and, even in cases in which they do enter a committed relationship.† Perhaps it is true, at certain extent that I tend to be emotionally unattached to my partner. By emotionally unattached, I mean I do not share or express explicitly to my partner what I feel to certain thing or event. Neverthel ess, I am sensitive to the emotion or feeling of my partner. If she shares something to me, I listen to her. In essence, I do not completely avoid emotional stuff between me and my partner. Sigmund Freud argues that the adult people’s character or behavior originates from, or is influenced by, his or her childhood years. Probably there is truth in that.

How the Town of Maycomb Strongly Demonstrates Social Iniquity Essay Example for Free

How the Town of Maycomb Strongly Demonstrates Social Iniquity Essay People can be unfair, unjust, and downright cruel. In the novel â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird†, there is a good demonstration by the members of Maycomb’s society of the theme of social iniquity that has very strong supporting evidence towards this opinion. Many different acts are shown to price the county of Maycomb is biased and unfair to its members. It proves things are not as they seem considering the fact that the county of Maycomb is a very proper and ‘classy’ group of people, to some extent. But, as many people read, they notice there are hidden things involved in this ‘not so proper’ place. People in Maycomb are biased towards others based on their colour, job, age, gender, age or family. In more than one way are people discriminated and treated differently due to these aspects of them. Examples that are shown in the novel of social inequity the difference in treatment from a white man compared to a black man, the missionary circle or the different age groups in Maycomb. In the county, there are a group of ladies that like to get together and ‘talk’ about situations that go on in Maycomb and get each other’s input on each of the situations that are brought up. They like to call themselves the missionary circle. Some people think that this group is just a group built to gossip. â€Å"I heard Mrs. Grace Merriweather giving her report in the living room on the equalled lives of the mrunas, it sounded to me. They put the women out in huts when their time came, whatever that was; they had no sense of family- I knew that’d distress Aunty.† (Lee, 121). This quote is simply just an example of what the missionary circle talks about. They find different topics and news about the county and gather around at different locations to talk about it, acting as if they are a club. They all have  different opinions, sometimes belittling different figures or characters in the novel. Some of the opinions given from the members reflect upon other members opinions of situations or characters making some opinions bias. Some of the things said by the missionary circle’s members can be untrue. Since the characters or figures that are being spoken about are not there to defend or give their point of view, this makes the judgement unfair. â€Å"I tell you there are some good but misguided people in the town. Good but misguided.† (124). This quote is in reference to Atticus. Some people could say this quote has a significant impact on this novel because it opens the discussion of the group up to different people in the town and the judgement, sometimes false, that they get from people. Everyone has their own opinions of others, sometimes their opinion is part of someone else’s. The missionary circle’s members are socially high in the rankings from the opinions of others. They tend to be the ‘popular’ group in Maycomb which is why Alexandra wanted to join the group in the first place. The members of the missionary circle consider themselves fine upstanding Christian women of Maycomb. The missionary circle talks about different people in Maycomb and where they are ranked in the social standards to their perspective. The black people of Maycomb tend to be a topic the group talks about and most of the rest of the county. In the novel, people tend to make it seem as though black people are treated very poorly compared to white people. White people think they are better than them and consider it a crime if a black man beats a white man in any way shape or form. This is when Tom Robinson comes into play. He is a huge aspect of the book. He is put into trial for supposedly raping Mayella Ewell. When the court date comes, the information gathered from both sides point to Tom as being innocent. Many people suspect Mr. Bob Ewell was the man that beat Mayella for coming to a black man. Evidence suggest that Tom Robinson only losses his case because of his colour. Even in the courtroom, people are divided by their colour and class. The black people of the crowd have to sit on the balcony while the white folk sit on the floor. This is  discrimination against the black race. They are treated differently than the white people because of false and prejudice judgement and opinions of others. â€Å"A white man’s word against a black man’s word, the white man always wins.†(Lee, 243) This quote is a significant piece of evidence that represents the injustice and biased treatment against black people in Maycomb. This can also demonstrate the fact of how Maycomb tends to be bias towards characteristics of people or families that are out of their control such as age, gender, wealth, race or even your family. Everything the people in Maycomb are is based upon these factors that are out of their control. Atticus tells Scout â€Å"It’s not okay to hate anybody.† (pg. 246). This quote is significant because Atticus is trying to tell Scout that you can’t not like anyone for no reason. He is telling her not to judge a book by its cover. He could be suggesting giving everyone a chance before you give them a negative judgement. In a way, Atticus is trying to navigate Scout away from the common disease in Maycomb of false judgement unlike the rest of Maycomb. Not many people see how they are unfair to each other but it tends to stand out to Atticus which is why he tries to treat people fairly. Atticus also tries teaching Jem and Scout to be respectful to elders and the adults in Maycomb. There are different cases for different people that are older that the kids don’t understand and Atticus is trying to make them appreciate them without telling them their situations. In the novel â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird†, the role of adults is huge. When Scout first goes to school, her first teacher, Mrs. Caroline Fisher, doesn’t know the customs of the county so she   assumes something about the Cunningham’s family. She doesn’t know that the Cunningham’s don’t take anything they couldn’t pay back so it seemed as though she got offended when Walter didn’t take the quarter. Everyone in the class knows what the Cunningham’s are like so when this happens, the class reacted surprised. Mrs. Fisher did not show an act of false judgement which shows that things change in Maycomb. Over time, people begin to look at different situations a bias way due to the perspectives of others. She also  doesn’t like the fact that Scout can read. It seems as though she was discouraged by a child’s knowledge and didn’t know how to react towards it. â€Å"Jem and I hated her. If she was on the porch when we passed, we would be raked by her wrathful gaze, subjected to ruthless interrogation regarding our behavior, and given a melancholy prediction on what we would amount to when we grew up, which was always nothing.† (Lee, 13). This quote shows the false judgement on Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose on the children. Most of the adults in Maycomb do not fully respect Jem and Scout. This is because of their age; something they cannot control. People treat them differently based on this because nobody stands up for them except themselves. The adults have no reason to follow along in someone else’s footsteps in this aspect because no one is making the footsteps for anyone to follow in. Stephanie Crawford even told me once she woke up in the middle of the night and found him looking in the window at her. I said what did you do, Stephanie, move over in the bed and make room for him? That shut her up a while. (48). The meaning of this quote could be interpreted many different ways. Mrs. Maudie is saying this about Boo Radley. He is a very mysterious man. Many people in the town have made false accusations about him, not knowing who he truly is, not even what he looks like. Boo is considered a complete outcast to Maycomb. It is as though he doesn’t exist. People don’t even put the initiative to get to know Boo Radley because if they did, they would be considered weird. Mrs. Maudie is, in a way, sticking up for Boo because she doesn’t believe in false judgement. This is Mrs. Maudie showing the opposite of what most adults in Maycomb. People in Maycomb tend to follow other people. This is when a movement happens. The movement in the novel, â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† is social iniquity because of the decisions made upon the citizens in Maycomb. In a way, the missionary circle is a group of people looking for followers in order to continue their ‘club’ and stream of gossip. People in Maycomb discriminate different people due to their race. This is why black man is considered to be less than a white man in Maycomb’s social standards. It is a cruel judgement which is why everyone should be given a fair chance before they are given a label. People also judge people by their age. All of these  discriminating factors are things you cannot control. It is downright cruel and unfair. Social inequity is something quite simple that should be fixed. Many crucial factors in the novel end up being decided by discrimination. Most people in Maycomb don’t want to break the trend of discrimination and start a new movement by standing up for what is right. It could be very easy to fix. Why carry it on? There isn’t a point. People just end up being punished or judged due to these factors which isn’t right. People shouldn’t be judged on aspects of themselves that they can’t control. Don’t be a follower, be a leader.

Technology & Business Essay -- essays research papers

Preliminary draft of Q1: The Internet has opened up a range of new marketing opportunities for the commerce world. A wide range of advertisement options are available: Banner ads Text ads Popups Targeted ads The last is of particular interest because it can provide advertisements targeted at the location of the user (country, town etc). Take this example: Your business has a small advertising budget and you want to do some Internet advertising. Every click your ad gets, that costs you money. Say you only operate in Masterton, do you want people from Auckland or USA to see your ads and click on them, hence costing you money? Internet advertising is much cheaper than TV marketing. The bid for a 30 second advertising slot in the Superbowl went for a record 2.4 million dollars. Most Internet Advertising agents do not charge you for the amount of times your ad is viewed, but by the amount of people who click on it, this makes it much cheaper than TV advertising. Google Adsense program uses an advanced computer program to analyze the content of the page and deliver ads relevant to the page content. For example: Your looking at a page reviewing books, the targeted ads will show bookstores in your area. http://www.gaebler.com/Television-Advertising-Costs.htm https://adwords.google.com/select/main?cmd=Login&sourceid=AWO&subid=US-ET-ADS&hl=en_US https://www.google.com/adsense/?sourceid=aso&subid=ww-et-awhomegap&hl=en_US Preliminary draft of Q2: Since the...

Business plan on milk company Essay

India is a state declared backward area and is eligible for various Fiscal incentives. In kuvadva, the land is cheaply and easily. Here, taxation is also less. Other favourable reasons for the selection to this particular location are as under: 1. Raw Material: Sufficient raw materials like Milk, Flavour, Water, etc. , are easily available. 2. Market: From the marketing point of view, we have a good and encouraging market for our product. There is a good demand available for Flavoured Milk. 3. Labour: We have got stable labour force and right type of labour in adequate numbers at reasonable wage rates. 4. Transportation: Being Rajkot a big city, we can easily have availed the transportation facilities. 5. Availability of Infra- Structure facilities: All infra structural facilities like water, electricity, telephone, etc. are very easily available. 6. Other facilities: Other large number of facilities can be available at this place such as subsidy, loans at cheaper rate, etc. PRODUCT INTRODUCTION AND MARKET ANALYSIS Dairy industry is of crucial importance to India. The country is the world’s largest milk producer, accounting for more than 13% of worlds total milk production. It is the world’s largest consumer of dairy products, consuming almost 100% of its own milk production. Dairy products are a major source of cheap and nutritious food to millions of people in India and the only acceptable source of animal protein for large vegetarian segment of Indian population, particularly among the landless, small and marginal farmers and women. Dairying has been considered as one of the activities aimed at alleviating the poverty and unemployment especially in the rural areas in the rain-fed and drought-prone regions. In India, about three-fourth of the population live in rural areas and about 38% of them are poor. The progress in this sector will result in a more balanced development of the rural economy. The importance of milk in human diet especially for children and expectant and nursing matters is vital. To meet the demand of the increasing population milk production in India has to be increased. It is neither possible nor desirable to increase the cattle and buffalo population to achieve this target. This can only be achieved by stepping up milk production of our bovine population by cross breeding of cows and use of improved cows and cow. Today, dairy cows are specialized to produce large volumes of milk. Specialist scale dairy farming is only viable where either a large amount of milk is required. Uses & Applications of Milk The term ‘milk’ refers to a heterogeneous mixture secreted by the healthy mammary glands containing fat, proteins and carbohydrates along with minerals and vitamins in the form of emulsion, colloidal suspension and true solution respectively in the continuous phase of water. In the other words milk may be defined as an emulsion of fat in a watery solution of sugar and mineral salts and with protein in a colloidal suspension. On storage of milk at some more temperature for some time, the acidity found increased to some extent and this increased acidity is known as Developed acidity. Milk is used as a food, Used as a complete food of infant, It is used to prepare curd, butter, ghee, cream and ice cream etc. , Milk is used in all homes, It is used in hotels and restaurants as milk food preparation and in the preparation of tea. Market Survey India is the world’s largest producer of dairy products by volume, accounting for more than 13% of world’s total milk production, and it also has the world’s largest dairy herd. The Indian Dairy sector acquired substantial growth momentum from 9th Plan onwards, achieving an annual output of 121. 8 (estimated) million tons of milk during 2010-11. This has not only placed the country on top in the world, but also represents sustained growth in the availability of milk and milk products for the growing population. The market is currently growing at round 5% pa in volume terms. There is an impressive level of processing i. e. 22% in organized sector. Major players in the dairy sector with dairy products include Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) and Nestle are the largest player. Other includes Milk food Limited, SmithKline Beecham Limited, Indodan Industries Limited, H. J. Heinz Limited, Britannia, Cadbury, etc. All other local dairy cooperatives have their local brands (For e. g. Gokul, Warana in Maharashtra, Saras in Rajasthan, Verka in Punjab, Vijaya in Andhra Pradesh, Aavin in Tamil Nadu, etc. ). Other private players include J K Dairy, Heritage Foods, Indiana Dairy, Dairy Specialties, etc. SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL The one and only raw material on which the dairy plant functions is MILK. And as Gujarat has abundant livestock especially buffalo’s availability of the raw material is not a problem here. Fig. 1 Lower level or primary level milk producer’s co – operative make a collection of milk from member producers. Members’ producers are farmer owing cows of buffalos. They bring milk to primary level societies. The collection of milk through members’ producers standing in queue. An account of every member producer is maintained which contains the details regarding the fat content, quality and quantity of goods, time of collection and the payments due or outstanding. In case of quality of the co – operative must be alert so as to neglect. The collection of source milk and substandard milk. For pricing collected milk importance is given to quality. The milks’ prices are based on FAT and SNF. I. e. sold non-fat contents. It needs to consider the bacteria population in the milk for raw material paying milk price. Payment is done on daily or monthly bases depending upon co – operative policy and members’ preference. This milk is proportionately distributed and brought to milk processing plant. MACHINERIES 1. PASTEURIZER: Fig. 2 The pasteurizer consists of plate heat exchanger, balance tank, pump, hot water circulation system (including mixer of steam and water, hot water pump, steam adjusting valve and water level control) and computer system for pasteurisation program, CIP program, and temperature control. It is used in heating and cooling raw material. The pasteurizer is usually used in the process of milk, ice-cream, milk powder, fruit juice, and beverage, which is sensitive to heat. The material is pumped to the plate heat exchanger, then undergone preheating, holding, heat energy recover and cooling, which can keep the products original physical nature and taste. If the temperature is below the set degree, this is sensed by a temperature transmitter. A signal activates flow diversion valve and the material flows back to the balance tank, then the material is pasteurized again. The state of the pasteurization temperature is recorded on a disc of the recorder in process of pasteurization. 2. POLLY FILL MACHINE: The Polly fill machine helps to pack the milk into the achieves their bottles of various sizes. One such machine can pack 100 bottles of milk in one single minute. Fig. 3 PRODUCTION PROCESS Milk is processed through a process called pasteurization. In the process of pasteurization, the milk product is actually heated. The milk is heated in order to kill any bacteria that may be within the milk still. After the milk is pasteurized and all bacteria are killed off, the milk is then cooled and packaged and then shipped out to stores. Diagram 1 Dairy cattle are brought in twice a day and milked. Fig. 4 The cattle on this farm are fitted with microchip collars that register each individual cow as she enters the milking shed. This microchip identification allows the production figures to be collected & collated by computer for each cow. Each cow has its complete production for each location. Fig. 5 After milking, the milk is cooled and stored in refrigerated vats at four degrees Celsius until collected by the milk tanker. Milk is collected once a day. The tanker driver carries out preliminary tests to the milk, checking its smell, taste and that it has been refrigerated to four degrees Celsius. The failure to store at less than four degrees Celsius can result in the milk being bought at a reduced price or not at all. It is extremely important that milk remains refrigerated at all times to maintain product freshness. Because milk is a nutritious food, any bacteria that are present in milk will grow and multiply rapidly, particularly if the milk is not refrigerated. Fig. 6Fig. 7 At the milk factory the milk is pumped into holding tanks where it is held until the results of tests that are routinely carried out are known. These tests include: somatic cell counts, total plate count, butterfat percentage and protein percentage. The results of these tests help determine the price paid by the milk factory to the farmer. Fig. 8 PRODUCTION CAPACITY. Office equipment30,000 †¢TOTAL FIXED CAPITAL:Table no. 10 Sr. No. ParticularsTotal Value 1. Land37,00,000 2. Building17,50,000 3. Machinery and Equipment 9,35,000 4. Furniture 1,20,000 5. Office equipment 30,000 Total65,35,000 †¢TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL:Table no. 11 Sr. No. ParticularsTotal Value ( 1 month) RsTotal Value ( 3 month) Rs 1. Raw Materials9,08,00027,24,000 2. Salary and Wages 50,100 1,50,300 3. Utilities 14,000 42,000 4. Other expenses 14,000 42,000 Total9,86,10029,58,300 †¢TOTAL COST OF PROJECTTable no. 12 Sr. No. ParticularsTotal Value Rs. 1. Total Fixed Capital65,35,000 2. Total Working Capital ( For 3 Months)29,58,300. Total94,93,300 FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENT †¢SOURCES OF FINANCETable no. 13 Sr. no. ParticularsAmount Rs. Total Amount Rs 1. Promoter’s Contribution (71. 91% of total Capital required)68,26,300 2. Borrowed Capital(28. 09% of total Capital required) 12% of GSFC (50% of borrowed Capital) 12% of IDBI (50% of borrowed Capital) 13,33,500 13,33,500 26,67,000 Total94,93,300 †¢INTEREST ON CAPITALTable no. 14 Sr. no. ParticularsInterest RateTotal Value Rs. 1. GSFC Loan12%1,60,020 2. IDBI Loan12%1,60,020 3. Own Contribution9%6,14,367 Total9,34,407 PROFITIBILTY OF THE PROJECT (PER MONTH) †¢COST OF PRODUCTIONTable no. 15. Particulars1st year (60% Prod. Capacity)2nd year (80% Prod. Capacity)3rd year (100% Prod. Capacity) Variable Cost Raw material Wages Other expenses Utility 1,08,96,000 2,11,200 84,000 1,68,000 1,45,28,000 2,81,600 1,12,000 2,24,000 1,81,60,000 3,52,000 1,40,000 2,80,000 Total Variable Cost1,13,59,2001,51,45,6001,89,32,000 Fixed Cost Salary to Staff Depreciation Total interest paid Other expenses (50% of Office & Admin. Expenses) 3,90,000 4,31,250 9,34,407 84,000 3,90,000 3,51,938 12,45,876 84,000 3,90,000 2,89,490 15,57,345 84,000 Total Fixed Cost32,76,657 32,89,73833,59,912 Total Cost1,46,35,8571,84,35,3382,22,91,912. †¢COST SHEETTable no. 16 Particulars1st year2nd year3rd year Raw Material Consumed Opening stock of R. M Add: Purchase of R. M. Less: Closing stock of R. M. – 1,08,96,000 – — 1,45,28,000 – — 1,81,60,000 – – Cost of Raw Material1,08,96,0001,45,28,0001,81,60,000 Add: Direct wages Utility Total2,11,200 1,68,000 3,79,2002,81,600 2,24,000 5,05,6003,52,000 2,80,000 6,32,000 Prime Cost1,12,75,2001,50,33,6001,87,92,000 Factory Overheads: Repairs and maintenance Supervisor Production manager Depreciation on Building Depreciation on Machinery 18,000 72,000 84,000 1,75,000 2,33,750 21,000 72,000 84,000 1,57,500 1,75,312. 24,000 72,000 84,000 1,41,750 1,31,484 Factory Cost5,82,7505,09,8124,53,234 Administrative Expense SALARY TO: Manager A / C Clerk Peon Watchman Depreciation Interest on borrowed loan 84,000 36,000 18,000 8,400 12,000 22,500 3,20,040 84,000 36,000 18,000 8,400 12,000 18,825 2,74,320 84,000 36,000 18,000 8,400 12,000 16,256 2,28,600 Administrative Cost5,00,9404,51,5454,03,256 Cost of Production1,23,58,8901,59,94,9571,96,48,490 Add: Op. stock of Finished goods Less: Cl. Stock of Finished goods- 1,10,0311,10,031 1,35,0541,35,054 1,91,740 Cost of Goods Sold1,10,0312,45,0853,26,794 Sales and Distribution expenses. Salary to Sales Manager Transportation Expenses Advertising & Publicity Expenses Sales Expenses 84,000 14,400 60,000 14,400 84,000 19,200 80,000 19,200 84,000 24,000 1,00,000 24,000 Total1,72,8002,02,4002,32,000 COST OF SALES1,24,21,6591,60,37,6421,97,43,284 SALES1,45,30,6441,94,85,1642,43,30,412 PROFIT21,08,98534,47,52245,87,128 †¢RAW MATERIAL:Table no. 17 Sr. no. Raw materialQuantityRateTotal amount Rs. 1. Milk60,000 liters40 per liter2,40,000 2. Bottles1,60,0005 per bottle6,50,000 3. Bottle caps60 cartons(3000 caps each)300 per carton18,000 Total9,08,000 †¢STAFF AND LABOUR SALARY AND WAGES:Table no. 18 Sr. No. ParticularsNo. of PersonTotal Value Rs. 1. Admin staff330,800 2. Skilled Worker49,000 3. Unskilled Worker810,300 Total 50,100 †¢UTILITIES:Table no. 19 Sr. No. ParticularsTotal Value Rs. 1. Power12000 2. Water2000 Total14000 †¢INTEREST ON CAPITALTable no. 20 Sr. no. ParticularsInterest RateTotal Value Rs. 1. GSFC Loan12%1,60,020 2. IDBI Loan12%1,60,020 3. Own Contribution9%6,14,367 Total9,34,407 †¢REPAYMENT OF BORROWED LOANTable no. 21 Particulars1st year2nd year3rd year4th year5th year6th year7th year Total Loan (26,67,000)26,67,00022,86,00019,05,00015,24,00011,43,0007,62,0003,81,000 Less: Installment3,81,0003,81,0003,81,0003,81,0003,81,0003,81,0003,81,000 Closing Balance22,86,00019,05,00015,24,00011,43,0007,62,0003,81,000NIL Total Interest on Borrowed Loan 3,20,040 2,74,320 2,28,600 1,82,880 1,37,160 91,440 45,760 †¢DEPRECIATION SCHEDULETable no. 22 Sr. No. Particulars1st year2nd year3rd year 1. Building (10%) Less: Depreciation Closing Balance17,50,000 1,75,000 15,75,00015,75,000 1,57,500 14,17,50014,17,500 1,41,750 12,75,750 2. Machinery (25%) Less: Depreciation Closing Balance9,35,000 2,33,750 7,01,2507,01,250 1,75,313 5,25,9375,25,937 1,31,484 3,94,453 3. Furniture (15%) Less: Depreciation Closing Balance1,20,000. 18,000 1,02,0001,02,000 15,300 86,70086,700 13,005 73,695 4. Office and Equipment (15%) Less: Depreciation Closing Balance30,000 4,500 25,50025,500 3,825 21,67521,675 3,251 18,424 †¢OTHER EXPENSES:Table no. 23 Sr. No. ParticularsTotal Value Rs. 1. Postage and stationery1000 2. Repair and Maintenance1500 3. Advertising and Publicity5000 4. Transport Charges1200 5. Insurance and Taxes2000 6. Sales Expenses1200 7. Telephone Expenses1500 8. Miscellaneous Expenditure600 Total14000 OPERATING STATEMENT Table no. 24 Particulars 60%80%100% Sales (A)1,45,30,6441,94,85,1642,43,30,412 Cost Of Production Raw Material Utility Wages Total Cost. ADD: Opening Stock of Finished goods LESS: Closing Stock of Finished goods Total Operating Cost (B) 1,08,96,000 1,68,000 2,11,200 1,12,75,200 – 1,10,031 1,11,65,169 1,45,28,000 2,24,000 2,81,600 1,50,33,600 1,10,031 1,35,054 1,50,08,577 1,81,60,000 2,80,000 3,52,000 1,87,92,000 1,35,054 1,91,740 1,87,35,314 GROSS PROFIT (A – B = C) 33,65,475 44,76,587 55,95,098 Indirect Expense: Other Expense (Fixed) (Variable) Salary to staff Depreciation Total Indirect expense (D) 84,000 84,000 3,90,000 4,31,250 24,85,750 84,000 1,12,000 3,90,000 3,51,938 22,09,412 84,000 1,40,000 3,90,000 2,41,295 19,90,762 EBIT (C –D = E)8,79,72522,67,17536,04,336. Interest on own Capital Interest on Borrowed Loan Total Interest (F)6,14,367 3,20,040 9,34,407 6,14,367 4,26,720 10,41,087 6,14,367 5,33,400 11,47,767 EBT (E – F = G)(-) 54,68212,26,08824,56,569 LESS: Tax (40%)————4,90,4359,82,628 EATNIL7,35,65314,73,941 RATIO ANALYSIS PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS RETURN ON INVESTEMENT = EBIT x 100 Total Capital Investment (For the 1st year) = 8, 79,725 x 100 53, 34,000 = 9. 27% (For the 2nd year)= 22, 67,175 X 100 94, 93,300 = 23. 88% (For the 3rd year)= 36, 04,336 X 100 94, 93,300 = 37. 97% COST OF CAPITAL= Int. on own capital + Int. on borrowed capital x 100 Capital employed. (For the 1st year)= 5, 60,070 x 100 53, 34,000 = 10. 50% (For the 2nd year)=8, 33,394 x 100 94, 93,300 =8. 78% (For the 3rd year)=7, 37,357 x 100 94, 93,300 =7. 77% GROSS PROFIT RATIO = Gross Profit x 100 Total Sales (For the 1st year)= 33, 65,475 x 100 1, 45, 30,644 = 29. 59% (For the 2nd year)=44, 76,587 x 100 1, 94, 85,167 =22. 97% (For the 3rd year)=55, 95,098 x 100 2, 43, 40,412 =23% NET PROFIT RATIO= Net Profit x 100 Total Sales (For the 1st year)= 14, 41,818 x 100 1, 45, 30,644 =9. 92% (For the 2nd year)=26, 49,962 x 100 1, 94, 85, 164 =13. 60% (For the 3rd year)=38, 48,641 x 100 2, 43, 30,412 =15. 82% BEP ANALYSIS. BEP (In Units) = Fixed Cost Contribution (For the 1st year)=32, 76,657 8. 73 = 3, 75,333 units (For the 2nd year)=32, 89,738 2. 15 =15, 30,111 units (For the 3rd year)=33, 59,912 8. 88 =3, 78,368 units BEP (In Rs. ) = BEP in Units x Selling Price (For the 1st year) = 3, 75,333 x 40 = 1, 50, 13,320 (For the 2nd year)=15, 30,111 x 40 =6, 12, 04,440 (For the 3rd year)=3, 78,368 x 40 =1, 51, 34,720 PROFIT & LOSS A/C Table no. 25 Particulars1st year2nd year3rd year Income Sales ADD: Closing Stock Total of Income 1,45,30,644 1,10,031 1,16,40,675 1,94,85,164 1,35,054 1,96,20,218 2,43,30,412 1,91,740 2,45,22,152 Expenditure Opening Stock. ADD: Purchase of R. M. Utility Wages Total of Expenditure – 1,08,96,000 1,68,000 2,11,200 1,12,75,200 1,10,031 1,45,28,000 2,24,000 2,81,600 1,51,43,631 1,35,054 1,81,60,000 2,80,000 3,52,000 1,89,27,050 GROSS PROFIT33,65,47544,76,58755,95,098 Other Expense Other exp. (Fixed) (Variable) Salary Depreciation Int. on own Capital Int. on borrowed Capital Total 84,000 84,000 3,90,000 4,31,250 6,14,367 3,20,040 19,23,657 84,000 1,12,000 3,90,000 3,51,938 6,14,367 2,74,320 18,26,625 84,000 1,40,000 3,90,000 2,41,000 6,14,367 2,28,600 17,46,457 NET PBT14,41,81826,49,96238,48,641 BALANCE SHEET (1st year) Table no. 26 ParticularsAmount (Rs.)Amount (Rs. ) Liabilities Promoter’s Capital Borrowed Loan IDBI 13,33,500 GSFC 13,33,500 Profit and Loss A/C Total Liabilities 68,26,300 26,67,000 14,41,818 1,09,35,118 Assets Gross Block (Less: Depreciation) Debtor Cash on Hand Closing Stock Total Assets 24,03,750 18,85,336 65,36,001 1,10,031 1,09,35,118 BALANCE SHEET (2st year)Table no. 27 ParticularsAmount (Rs. )Amount (Rs. ) Liabilities Promoter’s Capital Borrowed Loan IDBI 13,33,500 GSFC 13,33,500 Profit and Loss A/C Total Liabilities 68,26,300 26,67,000 26,49,962 1,21,43,262 Assets Gross Block (Less: Depreciation) Debtor Cash on Hand Closing Stock Total Assets 20,51,812. 24,89,099 74,67,297 1,35,054 1,21,43,262 BALANCE SHEET (3st year)Table no. 28 ParticularsAmount (Rs. )Amount (Rs. ) Liabilities Promoter’s Capital Borrowed Loan IDBI 13,33,500 GSFC 13,33,500 Profit and Loss A/C Total Liabilities 68,26,300 26,67,000 38,48,641 1,33,41,941 Assets Gross Block (Less: Depreciation) Debtor Cash on Hand Closing Stock Total Assets 17,62,322 28,46,970 85,40,909 1,91,740 1,33,41,941 INTRODUCTION Lawrence Apply wrote, management is the development of the people and not the direction of things. Employees hold a key place in business. No business enterprise can exist and function without employees. The plan of the business may be perfect and also structure of the organisation may be perfect but if the recruitment of personals is unscientific, the business can’t gown. Milk sense pvt. Ltd. will enrich with technically sound and convicted manpower. The average age of the employees will be 23 years, their total appears will be 500, and their technical strength will be approximately 170, staff strength of the Dairy will be 110 and trainee workers will be approximately 230, Development and empowerment is the trait of the H. R. D. functions. The trainer and workers get hostel facilities and other benefits. BATCHES AND FACILITIES. Milk sense will run 2 shifts and the employers are distributed to fulfil the requirement. 1st sift runs from 8. 00A. M to 8. 00 P. M 2ed sift runs from 8. 00P. M to 8. 00 A. M Besides these the employees will be given many benefits like: 1. Uniform change room 2. A good canteen facility 3. Bonus 4. Transportation Facilities etc. 1. Uniform change room In milk sense pvt. Ltd. Workers will be provided with a changing room because workers will have to work with a food product hence the milk should be pure and germ free for those workers will have to change their cloths before starting their respective work. 2. Canteen Facility. One canteens functioning at site, where Breakfast / snacks are available in the morning hour and lunch from 12:00p. m. To 2:30p. m. at fixed charges. Tea, coffee etc. will be served in the office two times in the morning hours and once in the afternoon. 3. Bonus During festival season and at time of high profits the company will give bonus to their workers and employees. 4. Transport facility The company provides free bus services to commute and from all corners of Rajkot, kuvadva. TRAINING PROGRAMME AND WORKSHOP The Hosiery training centre Ahmedabad trains operating and maintenance of staff in the Dairy and food industries. Technical facilities at the institute were augmented during the year to meet the needs of co-operatives and private sector industries 260 participants attended various courses at the institute during the year. Milk sense’s personnel department will involve activities such as, †¢To recruit and select the very best candidates available for each vacancy. †¢Develop personal performance through improvement processes, which contributes to the overall growth of the employees and workers. †¢To create effective, need – based, future – ready, flexible salary and wages systems. †¢To create and keep record of each employee and worker. SALARY AND QUALIFICATION Minimum Salary to the workers in the dairy is Rs. 100 per day besides this they are provided provident facility. They are given wages as per the factory act. Qualification:- All the employees of the milk sense pvt. Ltd. will have to get the qualification of ITI or graduation. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL Performance Appraisal is a system evaluation of a works performance and potential for development. The overall objective of performance official duties is importance the efficiency of an enterprise by attempting to mobilize the best possible efforts from individual employed in it. The salary reviews, the development and training of individuals, planning, job ration, each and every firm has its own method to evaluate this performance. In Our Company we also measure the skills, ability, performance, important function of personnel management, which helps them to make important decision like training and development, promotion, transfer etc. In a company the head prepares performance of any candidate’s confidential report and it is presented to his highest authority. This report is managed to any candidate to transfer, promotion etc. INTRODUCTION Marketing is a very vital function of any industries. To reach high profits. Every company has to handle its marketing function with care. As the whole world is turning in to a global market marketing function is getting more important in every company. The term marketing is changing in the word. If the market does a good job understanding Consumer need develops product that provide superior value and price distributes and promoters then officially According to E. W. cundiff and R. R. still, â€Å"marketing management is concerned with the direction of purposeful activities towards the attainment of marketing goals. † The basic goal of marketing is satisfaction of needs of customers and generation of revenue for the business purpose. ? GENERAL INFORMATION In MILK SENSE PVT. LTD. marketing will be a basic activity for the total business it is market which sells and distributes products to the people who need them at a place they want at a time they require and at a price, they are prepared to pay of late marketing department. Milk sense will have attracted the increasing attention from companies and nations because it provides good quality of product. Milk sense also provides enough quantity with the respect to price Density price channel of distribution etc. are all made on the basis of the information picked up from the market through constant & systematic research. MARKETING MIX According to Ferrel, Lucas and Luck a product, with the target Market as focal point, serves as the starting point for the development of a marketing mix strategy and forms the basis for all other decisions regarding distribution, promotion and price. Decisions relating to the development and marketing of products include amongst others, decisions about product attributes, branding, packaging and labeling. Milk is classified as a consumer good rather than a business good. It can further be defined as a convenience good in that the customer is supposed to have complete knowledge of the product before purchasing it, and because it is also purchased with minimum effort. It is important that milk, as a convenience good, be readily available when and where the consumer needs to purchase it. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE: The declining consumption of milk has become an international phenomenon. The consumption of soft drinks has tripled in this period, making them the most popular beverage, while milk is ranked fourth after coffee and tea. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: New product development should also take consumer trends into account, such as consumers of milk becoming more health conscious. Labels with ‘fat free’ and ‘cholesterol free’ are turning into the selling points of the future. Milk marketers are aware that consumers perceive milk as being fattening, so emphasis should be placed on giving customers the correct information. This is as easy as printing more information on the bottle labels. Low fat fresh milk is sold as containing 2 percent fat, while full cream milk has merely 1 percent more fat than the 2 percent milk. There is an increasing need for more information to be printed on labels. An example of such a segment is the diabetic consumers. The diabetic market is untouched, while numbers of diabetic consumers are increasing. It is apparent that full cream milk is generally prohibited in most diet schedules, while skimmed milk may be consumed in limited quantities. It is important for dairy researchers and decision makers to note that consumers are requiring more dietary information, and consumption may increase if details of the product are provided. PACKAGING: Most of the dairies selected for the study use a ‘family’ packaging strategy, which means that all products in the range are almost identically packed or have an important packaging characteristic in common. Packaging, however, has many functions. The most important functions of packaging are to contain the liquid, promote milk and provide storage. Another function which is becoming increasingly important today, is the recyclability of the package used. Companies are becoming more ‘environment friendly’ by using a recyclable package, which should result in less waste. Wholesalers and retailers prefer packages that are easy to ship, store and to pack. Consumers, however, look for items that are easy to handle, open and close. Towrope, for example, launched a screw top 1 liters bottle of milk. The consumer can therefore easily open or close this container, whilst freshness is maintained by preventing the milk from absorbing other odors. PRICE: While one price for milk is for example set for all final consumers, different consumers attach different meanings to the price they pay for a product. The consumer’s aim is to spend his/her income in a way that will afford him/her maximum satisfaction. Most dairy companies have price margins in which to deal. Milk being a basic food, has a low profit margin of around ten to fifteen percent. The dairy industry probably has to familiarize the consumer with an acceptable price of milk, such as 40 RS. Per liters and maintain that price. CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR India’s dairy market is multi-layered. It’s shaped like a pyramid with the base made up of a vast market for low-cost milk. Consumers while purchasing dairy products look for freshness, quality, taste and texture, variety and convenience. Presently, barely 778 out of 3,700 cities and, towns are served by its milk distribution network, dispensing hygienically packed wholesome, quality pasteurized milk. According to one estimate, the packed milk segment would double in the next five years, giving both strength and volume to the modem sector. The narrow tip at the top is a small but affluent market for western type milk products. Of the three A’s of marketing – Availability, Acceptability and Affordability, Indian dairying is already endowed with the first two. People in India love to drink milk. Hence, no efforts are needed to make it acceptable. Its availability is not a limitation either, because of the ample scope for increasing milk production, given the prevailing low yields from dairy cattle. It leaves the third vital marketing factor affordability. How to make milk affordable for the large majority with limited purchasing power is essence of the challenge. One practical way is to pack milk in small quantities of 250 ml or less in polythene sachets. Already, the glass bottle for retailing milk has given way to single-use sachets which are more economical. Another viable alternative is to sell small quantities of milk powder in mini-sachets, adequate for two cups of tea or coffee. ADVERTISING As an entrepreneur in the milk industry milk sense first of will start its advertisement by providing free sample and giving advertisement in magazines and standard newspapers like â€Å"TIMES OF INDIA†. Fig. 9 An identified Sponsor can define advertising as a mass promotion of goods & services. As per many classical writer of management says â€Å"Effective Advertisement makes selling task half†. After a little success Milk sense will adopt the same strategy but in rigorous manner. The product of milk sense will be published on very popular T. V channels like â€Å"National Channels†, Zee T. V. † â€Å"SONY â€Å", â€Å"STAR PLUS† etc. Generally T. V. channels are most popular and suitable medium of such advertisement. DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL. The distribution of fresh milk, being a perishable product with a limited shelf life of about 3 days, needs careful planning. It is important that all milk packages have a sell-by date printed on the product. This is an indication to the customer of the product’s freshness. If milk is uniformly priced, many customers consider their choice of purchase by checking the shelf life of the milk. Shelf life has become an important product benefit, which is associated with freshness. As competitive pricing strategies may urge customers to look for other benefits besides price, branding and ‘freshness’ become important.

Immigrants Coming to America - 867 Words

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AfterRead MoreFor the Years 1880-1925, Analyze Both the Tensions Surrounding the Issue of Immigration and the United States Governments Response to These Tensions651 Words   |  3 Pagesjobs for non-immigrants, settlement patterns, crime, and even voting behavior. Congress has passed many laws that have to do with immigrants especially in the 19th century such as the Naturalization Act of 1870, and the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, or even the Immigration Act of 1903 all to insure specific laws and boundaries set on immig rants. The life of immigrants has been drastically changed throughout the years of 1880-1925 through aspects such as immigrants taking non-immigrants wages and jobsRead MoreThe Center For Human Rights And Constitutional Law1564 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Rights and Constitutional Law Help Lead a Path for Immigrants to Become Active Citizens? Immigrants have faced many challenges when trying to become citizens of the United States. These challenges began when the Immigration Act of 1882 was passed, which gave authority to officials to deny access to the United States to anyone who was a criminal or who was uneducated (Immigration Act). This made it very hard for people coming to America to become citizens of the United States and even harderRead MoreUncle Sams Thanksgiving Dinner Analysis1155 Words   |  5 PagesDinner† and â€Å"America The Land of Opportunity†, both cartoons show different aspects of immigration. America was founded by immigrants. Our brave and heroic founding fathers set out to create a new nation. The founding fathers wanted to get away from the burdens in England and establish a new colony unlike any around. This nation would be free of unjust rule and any tyranny. They wanted citizens of the country to have rights that would never be taken away. We all came from Immigrants at some po intRead MoreIllegal Immigration And The United States1589 Words   |  7 Pagesthe years of 1950-1995, why were so many illegal immigrants crossing the American borders and how did they affect America? Part A: This investigation will be looking into the lifestyles that illegal immigrants had between the years of 1950 and 1995 once they had crossed the US border. I will also be investigating how they affected the US. It is important to know because it will make people become more aware of how serious immigration can be to America. I will be examining the number of terrorist actsRead More Ellis Island Essay833 Words   |  4 PagesEllis Island Ellis Island was the door to America which was opened on January 1st, 1892. Immigrants came here from their countries to stay in ours. It was a major immigration station for the United States from 1892 to 1943. It has been part of the Statue of Liberty since 1965. Between 1880 and 1900 9 million immigrants arrived in America, which was the largest number of arrivals in a 20 year period. The immigrants mostly stayed in the New England areas, such as New York and Massachusetts. ThisRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Endless Waves Of Illegal Immigrants Floods Rio Grande Valley 849 Words   |  4 Pagesto the article ‘Endless waves of Illegal Immigrants floods Rio Grande Valley† by Jana Winter for FOX NEWS on July 14, 2015. In this article, it mainly focuses its attention on the negative aspects of illegal immigrants and makes the reader believe that immigrants are the problem. The article, makes illegal immigrates seem like they are all criminals and villains. On top of that , this articles doe’s little to no explaining on the reasons for why immigrants to come to the United States. Having grandparents